UNIT – I ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENT:
Energy resources and their exploitation, Sun as the source of energy- nature of its radiation, Conventional energy sources: coal, oil, biomass and nature gas, nonconventional energy sources: hydroelectric power, tidal, wind, geothermal energy, solar collectors, photovoltaic, solar ponds, nuclear-fission and fusion, magnetohydrodynamic power (MHD), Energy use pattern in different parts of the world and its impact on the environment. CO2 emission in atmosphere.
UNIT – II ECOSYSTEM, BIODIVERSITY AND ITS CONSERVATION:
Biodiversity concepts and patterns, microbial diversity, Plant diversity, agrobiodiversity, soil biodiversity, economic value of biodiversity, biodiversity losses. Biodiversity hotspots and their characteristic flora and fauna, threatened plants and animals of India, ecosystem people and traditional conservation mechanisms, Biodiversity Convention and Biodiversity Act, IPRs, national and international programmes for biodiversity conservation.
UNIT – III ENERGY RESOURCES AND MAINTENANCE:
Renewable and non-renewable energy resources, growing energy need, solar radiation and its spectral characteristics, fossil fuels classification, composition. Physicochemical characteristics and energy content of coal, petroleum and natural gas. Principle of generation and conservation of conventional and nonconventional energy. Energy from biomass and biogas, an aerobic digestion, energy use pattern and future need projection in different parts of the world, energy conservation policies.
UNIT – IV SOLID AND HAZARDOUS WASTE MANAGEMENT:
Solid wastes: Definition, types, sources, characteristics and impact on environmental health. Waste generation rates. Concepts of waste reduction, recycling and reuse. Collection, segregation and transport of solid wastes Handling and segregation of wastes at source. Collection and storage of municipal solid wastes. Hazardous wastes: Definition, sources and characteristics: Hazardous waste categorization, generation, collection, transport, treatment and disposal. Legislation on management and handling of municipal solid wastes and
hazardous wastes.
UNIT – V SOCIAL ISSUES:
Urban issues – energy – water conservation – environmental ethics – global warming resettlement and rehabilitation issues – environmental legislations – environmental protection Act. 1986 – Air, water, wildlife and forest conservation Act – Population growth and explosion – Human rights and value education – environmental health – HIV/AIDS – Role of IT in environment and human health – women and child welfare -public awareness.